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Linear viscoelastic behavior of asphalt binders and mixtures containing very high percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 1211-1227 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0983-9

摘要: The primary aim of this study is to correlate the impact of aggregates, if any, on the viscoelastic behavior of rejuvenated asphalt mixtures containing very high amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) (> 50%). First, gradation of 100% RAP was rectified, using a modified Bailey method by adding virgin aggregates to achieve two coarse dense-graded and one fine dense-graded blends. Complex modulus test was then performed from −35 to +35 °C and 0.01–10 Hz. In addition to performance grade (PG) testing, extracted and recovered binders from different asphalt mixtures underwent shear complex modulus test within −8 °C to high temperature PG and frequencies from 0.001 to 30 Hz. Cole−Cole, Black space, complex modulus and phase angle master curves were constructed and Shift-Homothety-Shift in time-Shift (SHStS) transformation was used to compare the linear viscoelastic behavior of asphalt binders and mixtures. The influence of aggregates on the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures depends on temperature and/or frequency. The role of asphalt binders in the behavior of asphalt mixtures is more pronounced at high temperatures and the effect of the aggregate structure increases as the temperature falls. The maximum difference (60% to 70%) in the viscoelastic behavior of the binder and mixture based on SHStS transformed Cole−Cole curves is within the phase angle of 15°–20°.

关键词: RAP     complex modulus     SHStS transformation     rejuvenation     behavior of asphalt binder and mixture    

Empirical models and design codes in prediction of modulus of elasticity of concrete

Behnam VAKHSHOURI, Shami NEJADI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 38-48 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0479-1

摘要: Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) is a key parameter in reinforced concrete design. It represents the stress-strain relationship in the elastic range and is used in the prediction of concrete structures. Out of range estimation of MOE in the existing codes of practice strongly affect the design and performance of the concrete structures. This study includes: (a) evaluation and comparison of the existing analytical models to estimating the MOE in normal strength concrete, and (b) proposing and verifying a new model. In addition, a wide range of experimental databases and empirical models to estimate the MOE from compressive strength and density of concrete are evaluated to verification of the proposed model. The results show underestimation of MOE of conventional concrete in majority of the existing models. Also, considering the consistency between density and mechanical properties of concrete, the predicted MOE in the models including density effect, are more compatible with the experimental results.

关键词: modulus of elasticity     normal strength normal weight concrete     empirical models     design codes     compressive strength     density    

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 294-300 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0351-0

摘要:

The elastic modulus of a deposit (Ed) can be obtained by monitoring the temperature (?T) and curvature (?k) of a one-side coated long plate, namely, a one-dimensional (1D) deformation model. The aim of this research is to design an experimental setup that proves whether a 1D deformation model can be scaled for complex geometries. The setup includes a laser displacement sensor mounted on a robotic arm capable of scanning a specimen surface and measuring its deformation. The reproducibility of the results is verified by comparing the present results with Stony Brook University Laboratory’s results. The ?k-?T slope error is less than 8%, and the Ed estimation error is close to 2%. These values reveal the repeatability of the experiments. Several samples fabricated with aluminum as the substrate and 100MXC nanowire (Fe and Cr alloy) as the deposit are analyzed and compared with those in finite element (FE) simulations. The linear elastic behavior of 1D (flat long plate) and 2D (squared plate) specimens during heating/cooling cycles is demonstrated by the high linearity of all ?k-?T curves (over 97%). The Ed values are approximately equal for 1D and 2D analyses, with a median of 96 GPa and standard deviation of 2 GPa. The correspondence between the experimental and simulated results for the 1D and 2D specimens reveals that deformation and thermal stress in coated specimens can be predicted regardless of specimen geometry through FE modeling and by using the experimental value of Ed. An example of a turbine-blade-shaped substrate is presented to validate the approach.

关键词: in-plane     Young’s modulus     curvature temperature     thermal stress     coating    

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1653-1653 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0578-7

摘要: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) in the construction industry. However, the E-modulus and strength of such members at high service temperatures is still unknown. Modulus and strength of FRP at high service temperatures are highly required parameters for full design. The knowledge and application of this could lead to a cost effective and practical consideration in fire safety design. Thus, this paper proposes design methods for calculating the E-modulus and strength of FRP members at different temperatures. Experimental data from literature were normalized and compared with the results predicted by this method. It was found that the proposed design methods conservatively estimate the E-modulus and strength of FRP structural members. In addition, comparison was also made with direct references to the real behavior of materials. It was found to be satisfactory. Finally, an application is provided.

关键词: concrete     fiber reinforced polymer     E-modulus     strength     temperatures    

Prediction of falling weight deflectometer parameters using hybrid model of genetic algorithm and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 812-826 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0940-7

摘要: A falling weight deflectometer is a testing device used in civil engineering to measure and evaluate the physical properties of pavements, such as the modulus of the subgrade reaction (Y1) and the elastic modulus of the slab (Y2), which are crucial for assessing the structural strength of pavements. In this study, we developed a novel hybrid artificial intelligence model, i.e., a genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS-GA), to predict Y1 and Y2 based on easily determined 13 parameters of rigid pavements. The performance of the novel ANFIS-GA model was compared to that of other benchmark models, namely logistic regression (LR) and radial basis function regression (RBFR) algorithms. These models were validated using standard statistical measures, namely, the coefficient of correlation (R), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The results indicated that the ANFIS-GA model was the best at predicting Y1 (R = 0.945) and Y2 (R = 0.887) compared to the LR and RBFR models. Therefore, the ANFIS-GA model can be used to accurately predict Y1 and Y2 based on easily measured parameters for the appropriate and rapid assessment of the quality and strength of pavements.

关键词: falling weight deflectometer     modulus of subgrade reaction     elastic modulus     metaheuristic algorithms    

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1654-1654 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0622-7

Simulation of viscoelastic behavior of defected rock by using numerical manifold method

Feng REN, Lifeng FAN, Guowei MA

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 199-207 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0102-1

摘要: Numerical simulations of longitudinal wave propagation in a rock bar with microcracks are conducted by using the numerical manifold method which has great advantages in the simulation of discontinuities. Firstly, validation of the numerical manifold method is carried out by simulations of a longitudinal stress wave propagating through intact and cracked rock bars. The behavior of the stress wave traveling in a one-dimensional rock bar with randomly distributed microcracks is subsequently studied. It is revealed that the highly defected rock bar has significant viscoelasticity to the stress wave propagation. Wave attenuation as well as time delay is affected by the length, quantity, specific stiffness of the distributed microcracks as well as the incident stress wave frequency. The storage and loss moduli of the defected rock are also affected by the microcrack properties; however, they are independent of incident stress wave frequency.

关键词: stress wave propagation     defected rock     numerical manifold method     viscoelastic behavior     storage modulus     loss modulus    

GID complex regulates the differentiation of neural stem cells by destabilizing TET2

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1007-9

摘要: Brain development requires a delicate balance between self-renewal and differentiation in neural stem cells (NSC), which rely on the precise regulation of gene expression. Ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) modulates gene expression by the hydroxymethylation of 5-methylcytosine in DNA as an important epigenetic factor and participates in the neuronal differentiation. Yet, the regulation of TET2 in the process of neuronal differentiation remains unknown. Here, the protein level of TET2 was reduced by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway during NSC differentiation, in contrast to mRNA level. We identified that TET2 physically interacts with the core subunits of the glucose-induced degradation-deficient (GID) ubiquitin ligase complex, an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase complex and is ubiquitinated by itself. The protein levels of GID complex subunits increased reciprocally with TET2 level upon NSC differentiation. The silencing of the core subunits of the GID complex, including WDR26 and ARMC8, attenuated the ubiquitination and degradation of TET2, increased the global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels, and promoted the differentiation of the NSC. TET2 level increased in the brain of the Wdr26+/− mice. Our results illustrated that the GID complex negatively regulates TET2 protein stability, further modulates NSC differentiation, and represents a novel regulatory mechanism involved in brain development.

关键词: TET2     GID complex     neural stem cells     differentiation of neurons    

Predicting resilient modulus of recycled concrete and clay masonry blends for pavement applications using

Mosbeh R. KALOOP, Alaa R. GABR, Sherif M. EL-BADAWY, Ali ARISHA, Sayed SHWALLY, Jong WAN HU

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1379-1392 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0562-2

摘要: To date, very few researchers employed the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) in predicting the resilient modulus ( ) of Unbound Granular Materials (UGMs). This paper focused on the development of a LSSVM model to predict the of recycled materials for pavement applications and comparison with other different models such as Regression, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Blends of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) with Recycled Clay Masonry (RCM) with proportions of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 55/45, 40/60, 20/80, and 0/100 by the total aggregate mass were evaluated for use as UGMs. RCA/RCM materials were collected from dumps on the sides of roads around Mansoura city, Egypt. The investigated blends were evaluated experimentally by routine and advanced tests and the values were determined by Repeated Load Triaxial Test (RLTT). Regression, ANN, and LSSVM models were utilized and compared in predicting the of the investigated blends optimizing the best design model. Results showed that the ’s of the investigated RCA/RCM blends were generally increased with the decrease in RCM proportion. Statistical analyses were utilized for evaluating the performance of the developed models and the inputs sensitivity parameters. Eventually, the results approved that the LSSVM model can be used as a novel tool to estimate the of the investigated RCA/RCM blends.

关键词: Least Square Support Vector Machine     Artificial Neural Network     resilient modulus     Recycled Concrete Aggregate     Recycled Clay Masonry    

Assessing artificial neural network performance for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus

Lingyun YOU, Kezhen YAN, Nengyuan LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 487-500 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0609-4

摘要: The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the artificial neural network (ANN) approach for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus of a multi-layered flexible pavement structure. To achieve this goal, two ANN based back-calculation models were proposed to predict the interlayer conditions and layer modulus of the pavement structure. The corresponding database built with ANSYS based finite element method computations for four types of a structure subjected to falling weight deflectometer load. In addition, two proposed ANN models were verified by comparing the results of ANN models with the results of PADAL and double multiple regression models. The measured pavement deflection basin data was used for the verifications. The comparing results concluded that there are no significant differences between the results estimated by ANN and double multiple regression models. PADAL modeling results were not accurate due to the inability to reflect the real pavement structure because pavement structure was not completely continuous. The prediction and verification results concluded that the proposed back-calculation model developed with ANN could be used to accurately predict layer modulus and interlayer conditions. In addition, the back-calculation model avoided the back-calculation errors by considering the interlayer condition, which was barely considered by former models reported in the published studies.

关键词: asphalt pavement     interlayer conditions     finite element method     artificial neural network     back-calculation    

Footholds optimization for legged robots walking on complex terrain

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0742-y

摘要: This paper proposes a novel continuous footholds optimization method for legged robots to expand their walking ability on complex terrains. The algorithm can efficiently run onboard and online by using terrain perception information to protect the robot against slipping or tripping on the edge of obstacles, and to improve its stability and safety when walking on complex terrain. By relying on the depth camera installed on the robot and obtaining the terrain heightmap, the algorithm converts the discrete grid heightmap into a continuous costmap. Then, it constructs an optimization function combined with the robot’s state information to select the next footholds and generate the motion trajectory to control the robot’s locomotion. Compared with most existing footholds selection algorithms that rely on discrete enumeration search, as far as we know, the proposed algorithm is the first to use a continuous optimization method. We successfully implemented the algorithm on a hexapod robot, and verified its feasibility in a walking experiment on a complex terrain.

关键词: footholds optimization     legged robot     complex terrain adapting     hexapod robot     locomotion control    

The stress relaxation of cement clinkers under high temperature

Xiufang WANG,Yiwang BAO,Xiaogen LIU,Yan QIU

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第10卷 第4期   页码 413-417 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0357-7

摘要:

The energy consumption of crushing is directly affected by the mechanical properties of cement materials. This research provides a theoretical proof for the mechanism of the stress relaxation of cement clinkers under high temperature. Compression stress relaxation under various high temperatures is discussed using a specially developed load cell, which can measure stress and displacement under high temperatures inside an autoclave. The cell shows that stress relaxation dramatically increases and that the remaining stress rapidly decreases with an increase in temperature. Mechanical experiments are conducted under various temperatures during the cooling process to study the changes in the grinding resistance of the cement clinker with temperature. The effects of high temperature on the load-displacement curve, compressive strength, and elastic modulus of cement clinkers are systematically studied. Results show that the hardening phenomenon of the clinker becomes apparent with a decrease in temperature and that post-peak behaviors manifest characteristics of the transformation from plasticity to brittleness. The elastic modulus and compressive strength of cement clinkers increase with a decrease in temperature. The elastic modulus increases greatly when the temperature is lower than 1000 °C. The compressive strength of clinkers increases by 73.4% when the temperature drops from 1100 to 800 °C.

关键词: stress relaxation     high temperature     cement clinker     compression     elastic modulus    

Special issue: Reliability management of complex system

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 477-479 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0175-z

Independent cover meshless particle method for complex geotechnical engineering

Jianqiu WU, Yongchang CAI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 515-526 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0428-4

摘要: A new Independent Cover Meshless Particle (ICMP) method is proposed for the analysis of complex geotechnical engineering. In the ICMP method, the independent rectangular cover regardless of the shape of the analysis model is employed as the influence domain of each discrete node, the general polynomial is employed as the meshless interpolation function of the independent nodal cover, and the Cartesian Transformation Method (CTM) is used for the numerical integration of the nodal covers cut by material interfaces, joints, cracks and faults. The present method has a simple formulation and a low computational cost, and is easy for the numerical analysis and modeling of complex geotechnical engineering. Several typical numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.

关键词: meshless method     particle method     independent cover     CTM     geotechnical engineering    

Forecast method for used number of parts and components based on complex network

LIU Fu-yun, QI Guo-ning, YANG Qing-hai

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2006年 第1卷 第4期   页码 479-484 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0064-5

摘要: Applying directed complex network to model the main structure of a product family, according to in-degree bi-logarithmic coordinate distribution curve and distribution rule of nodes of the network, in-degree evolving rule of nodes of the network is presented and analytic expression of in-degree probability density of nodes is derived. Through the analysis of the relation between existing kinds of components and existing product numbers, an expression of the relation between kinds of components and product numbers is derived. A forecast method for the increment of component numbers and parts based on the increment of products is presented. As an example, the component numbers of an industrial steam turbine product family is forecasted, forecast result verified and forecast error analyzed.

关键词: complex network     industrial     component     analytic expression     forecast    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Linear viscoelastic behavior of asphalt binders and mixtures containing very high percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement

期刊论文

Empirical models and design codes in prediction of modulus of elasticity of concrete

Behnam VAKHSHOURI, Shami NEJADI

期刊论文

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

期刊论文

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

期刊论文

Prediction of falling weight deflectometer parameters using hybrid model of genetic algorithm and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

期刊论文

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

期刊论文

Simulation of viscoelastic behavior of defected rock by using numerical manifold method

Feng REN, Lifeng FAN, Guowei MA

期刊论文

GID complex regulates the differentiation of neural stem cells by destabilizing TET2

期刊论文

Predicting resilient modulus of recycled concrete and clay masonry blends for pavement applications using

Mosbeh R. KALOOP, Alaa R. GABR, Sherif M. EL-BADAWY, Ali ARISHA, Sayed SHWALLY, Jong WAN HU

期刊论文

Assessing artificial neural network performance for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus

Lingyun YOU, Kezhen YAN, Nengyuan LIU

期刊论文

Footholds optimization for legged robots walking on complex terrain

期刊论文

The stress relaxation of cement clinkers under high temperature

Xiufang WANG,Yiwang BAO,Xiaogen LIU,Yan QIU

期刊论文

Special issue: Reliability management of complex system

期刊论文

Independent cover meshless particle method for complex geotechnical engineering

Jianqiu WU, Yongchang CAI

期刊论文

Forecast method for used number of parts and components based on complex network

LIU Fu-yun, QI Guo-ning, YANG Qing-hai

期刊论文